Radioactivity and Elemental Composition of Phosphogypsum …
Phosphogypsum is primarily CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O, but also contains impurities of environmental concern such as residual acids, fluoride, heavy metals and naturally-occurring …
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Phosphogypsum is primarily CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O, but also contains impurities of environmental concern such as residual acids, fluoride, heavy metals and naturally-occurring …
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Modifying saline–alkali soil is crucial for ensuring food security and expanding arable land. Microorganisms play a key role in driving various biochemical processes in agricultural ecosystems. However, limited information exists on the changes in the microbial community and soil structure in soda saline-alkali soil under modified …
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The phosphogypsum valorization became a necessity when the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) legislation was modified in 1992 and allowed the use of PG with an average 226 Ra of less than 370 Bq/kg for agricultural applications such as a soil amendment. Other areas in the world, however, looked at PG as a valuable raw …
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cal characterization of phosphogypsum (Duen˜as et al. 2010; Mitko et al. 2020; Predrag et al. 2020; Abril et al. 2009; Ousmane et al. 2021) there is limited information regarding phosphogypsum produced in Senegal. The pri-mary objectives of this study are to characterize Senegalese phosphogypsum radiologically, evaluate radiation expo-
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Phosphogypsum is the most significant industrial solid waste in the world. Phosphogypsum has a complex composition and its traditional storage methods occupy large areas of land and also damage the environment. Currently, phosphogypsum is mainly used for the direct preparation of construction materials and chemical auxiliary …
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Phosphogypsum (PG) is the main solid waste from the production of phosphoric acid raw materials. ... The measurements were performed using an automated diffractometer with Cu-Kα radiation (D8 Advance, Bruker, Ger-many), operated at 40 kV and 40 mA in a continuous position-sensitive detector fast mode. The scan range was …
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Predicts when phosphogypsum waste will contain 30 PBq total activity. • Compares activity of phosphogypsum with that from Chernobyl and Fukushima. • Shows …
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Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis recently signed a bill that will allow the Florida Department of Transportation to study the use of phosphogypsum in road construction. This came after a longstanding federal-level prohibition on using phosphogypsum, which was repealed by then-President Donald Trump's Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in October …
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WASHINGTON (October 14, 2020) — Today, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Administrator Andrew Wheeler approved a request from The Fertilizer Institute (TFI) to allow phosphogypsum to be used in government road construction projects. "Allowing the reuse of phosphogypsum shows EPA's commitment to working with industry in a way that …
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Abstract. Rock phosphate ore processing and disposal of phosphogypsum contribute to enhanced levels of natural radionuclides in the environment. The concentration of naturally occurring radionuclides in soil, rock phosphate and phosphogypsum …
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This study contributes to sustainable construction practices by exploring the use of phosphogypsum, a commonly discarded byproduct, in the production of recycled aggregates. Addressing both environmental and economic aspects of sustainability, we investigate the feasibility of employing phosphogypsum as a primary raw material, in …
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Phosphogypsum (PG) is a by-product of phosphate fertilizer production that contains radioactive and hazardous elements. This review evaluates the geochemical …
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Phosphogypsum (PG: CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O) is a waste product generated by the phosphate industry. World production of this waste exceeds 200 million tonnes per year. PG, discharged into the sea, …
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The problem of recycling and storage of phosphogypsum is topical for many countries around the world, as it is associated with environmental problems of pollution of water bodies, land, and …
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Nearly 300 million t of phosphogypsum (PG) are produced every year as a byproduct from phosphate fertilizer production worldwide. Approximately 58% of the PG are stacked, 28% are discharged in coastal waters and only 14% are further processed. This critical review provides an overview of the physical-chemical properties of PG produced …
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The use of phosphogypsum in buildings requires the radiological characterization, as well as an assessment of radiological risk for humans. In this paper, the level of radioactivity of phosphogypsum produced in Serbia was measured by gamma spectrometry and average activity concentration of 226 Ra, 232 Th, and 40 K for …
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Other Uses of Phosphogypsum. Under certain conditions, phosphogypsum may be removed from stacks for outdoor agricultural purposes or indoor research and development. Any other use of phosphogypsum requires advance permission from EPA.
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Phosphogypsum (PG) is a major hazardous by-product of the phosphate industry. The whole world is facing the challenge of increasing stockpiles of PG, which significantly affect safety and the environment. ... The radiation hazard indicators for PG determined by various countries, regions and organisations are shown in Table 4. There …
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Supporting documents for approval of TFI request to use phosphogypsum in road construction. ... available electronically in Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2020-0442 on or in hard copy at the Air and Radiation Docket in the EPA Docket Center, (EPA/DC) EPA West, Room 3334, 1301 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC.
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Phosphogypsum, a waste product from manufacturing fertilizer, emits radon, a radioactive gas. It also contains the radioactive …
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Phosphogypsum is a radioactive waste from phosphate ore processing. Learn about the EPA's regulations, the approved and pending uses of phosphogypsum, …
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Phosphogypsum, a by-product of phosphate fertilizer production, is produced in large quantities worldwide. ... Montgomery, Alabama, U.S.A.: Eastern Environmental Radiation Facility. Google Scholar. International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) (1984) Principles for Limiting Exposure of the Public to Natural Sources of Radiation ...
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1. Introduction. Phosphogypsum is a byproduct of the chemical reaction called "wet process" in which sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4) reacts with phosphate ore in order to produce phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4), which is used in fertilizer production [1].. Nearly 80% of the main Brazilian natural reserves of phosphate ore comes from igneous sources, …
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The increase of phosphogypsum dosage had a close correlation with the release of phosphate ions. ... Karlsruhe, Germany) in Bragg–Brentano geometry (configuration Theta-2Theta), using 1.54060 Å CuKα radiation, Ni Kβ filters, and a scintillation detector at a voltage of 30 kV and 10 mA current. Scan conditions: recording …
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Phosphogypsum is a by-product of the phosphate fertilizer industry. It is generally treated by stacking, which not only causes environmental pollution, but also wastes resources. ... a 226 Ra activity concentration of 400 Bq/kg in phosphogypsum and calculated the annual effective dose from gamma radiation for a person continually occupying the ...
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Phosphogypsum (PG) is a type of synthetic gypsum generated during the production of phosphoric acid. Each ton of phosphoric acid generates 5 tons of phosphogypsum. ... Consequently, they can be an external and internal source of radiation [131]. During the production of phosphoric acid, most of U and Th are …
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Side view of phosphogypsum stack. Phosphate production generates huge amounts of phosphogypsum wastes, nearly 48 million MTs in 1988 alone. Industry estimates that 5.2 tons of phosphogypsum is produced for every ton of phosphoric acid. Phosphogypsum has little market value and is transferred as a slurry to waste piles …
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The concentrations of radioisotopes (238U, 234U, 235U, 210Po, 232Th, 40K, and 226Ra) in naturally occurring radionuclide materials were determined through gamma and alpha spectrometry. The average activities of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K were matched with literature data from various countries. The radium equivalent value derived …
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