The second step included two successive operations: bentonite activation by sulfuric acid attack was followed by thermal treatment at two temperatures, 100 and 200 °C. ... of natural bentonite was determined to be 48 meq/100 g by applying the conductometric titration method (Agouborde & Navia 2009). The point of zero charge …
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DOI: 10.1016/J.JIEC.2014.03.033 Corpus ID: 97263833; Activating natural bentonite as a cost-effective adsorbent for removal of Congo-red in wastewater @article{Toor2015ActivatingNB, title={Activating natural bentonite as a cost-effective adsorbent for removal of Congo-red in wastewater}, author={Manjot Toor and Bo Jin and …
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3.2 Characterization of raw and activated bentonite clays. The BET analysis of raw and treated bentonite indicated that the surface area was increased by treating raw bentonite with 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 whereas calcination reduced the pore surface area. Narrowing of the hysteresis curve of the adsorption isotherm (Fig. 1) was an indication of …
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WEBActivation of the bentonites was performed using the most popular (Na 2 CO 3) and also the most controversial additive (MgO) and their blends. Upgrading the (Na, …
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This study addresses the urgent need for effective water treatment methods by synthesizing and characterizing activated bentonite clay (ABC) adsorbents to remove methylene blue () from aqueous solutions efficiently. Conventional adsorbents often exhibit limitations in efficiency and regeneration capabilities, necessitating novel …
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This activation method could be a cost-effective approach for clay bentonite modification to enhance its adsorption capacity and applicability, making it as …
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Acid activation was carried out by heating muds prepared from Ca-rich bentonite (CaB), sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4) and distilled water, yielding various bleaching earths (BEs).
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Acid activation of bentonite clay using nitric acid was achieved in this study. Enhanced morphology and physicochemical properties of pristine bentonite was …
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Thermodynamic analysis illustrated that the adsorption process was feasible and exothermic in nature, while the characterization findings verified the alteration of FTIR bands. Herein, the facile one step acid activation of bentonite derived functionalized adsorbent (AB) for the effective remediation of both ionic and non-ionic secondary …
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A bentonite from Kirkouk city region (Iraq) was activated with H 2 SO 4 at various ratios (5, 10, 15, 20 %). Due to ion exchange, the original (Ca, Mg, Na, K)-bentonite was converted to H ...
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Bentonite Bleeding value with 0 min of bentonite activation (%) Bleeding value with 7 min of bentonite activation (%) Δ (%) 1 47.75 2.77 94.2 2 25.00 1.20 95.2
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Amongst methods of beneficiation for bentonite adsorption process are pillaring, calcinations, acid treatment and salt exchange.
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1. Introduction. One application of calcium bentonite with a significant market is the decolourization of vegetable, animal and mineral oils. Most of the calcium bentonite used for filtering and decolourizing oils is acid activated (Odom, 1984).Acid treatment with sulphuric or hydrochloric acid removes the calcium cations from the surfaces and edges …
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Alkaline bentonite activation is based on the reaction of a Ca/Mg-bentonite with Na 2 CO 3 which can be applied as different phases/products. For the activation technical Na 2 CO 3 rather than p.a. or food grade is required. The technical product may vary with respect to the contents of different phases, water content, and other chemical …
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A new method of Na-activation of raw bentonite, rich in Ca-montmorillonite, consisting of combined thermal treatment at 200 °C, followed by immediate impregnation with aqueous solution of Na2CO3 ...
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Chemical and thermal activation methods have been used for bentonite property enhancement (Barakan & Aghazadeh 2021). In our earlier work, the …
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Following extraction at some 40 bentonite mining sites globally, bentonite clay is transported to one of the three Clariant production facilities that produce Desi Pak desiccants to meet demanding internal and global standards of quality. These facilities are located in: • Belen, New Mexico, USA; • Balikesir, Turkey; and,
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acidic activation of clay while preserving the structure of its minerals is especially relevant. A promising way of activating bentonite-like clays is alkaline activation. This technique is more versatile than acidic activation in terms of both obtaining more active sorbents and having lower requirements for the initial feedstock.
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The performance of the alkaline processes on the properties of cation exchange capacity (CEC) and swelling was studied in three different types of bentonite from Brazil, Argentina and Mozambique.
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One of the most important indicators of mechanical activation of clay minerals is the effect of activation time on the strength of the mixture. One of the most important parameters in the preparation of drilling fluid based on clays is their ability
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Bentonite has been successfully activated using hydrochloric acid, as shown by FTIR, XRD, and TGA studies, in addition to an increase in its surface area. …
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We gladly help you with the specific selection through laboratory testing and our unique method of analysis, the ACAT Pitch Counter (). ... sizes are produced. Natural bentonites are commonly used in food, cosmetics and animal feed production. The alkaline activation is based on ion-exchange reaction, where the ... Bentonite is a versatile ...
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In this paper research aimed at activating Jaroszów bentonite were presented. 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS The studies on activating clay minerals were carried out using the exchange of Ca2+, K+, Mg2+ ions to Na+ ions. For activation process the NaOH and NaCl solutions of concentrations 0,1M and 2,0M respectively were applied.
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The optimal ATA protocol identified in the study leads to approximately 25% increase in the Congo-red adsorption capacity of the activated bentonite. This activation method could be a cost ...
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The result of the structural analysis showed that during the activation process, the structure of bentonite was not changed significantly and the surface area of the activated bentonite has ...
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According to the sensitivity analysis diagrams, the parameters such as SSA, CS 7, CS 28 and P are mostly affected by activation period; MP is only affected by bentonite type; and the rest of parameters (D, M 1, M 2, M 3, d av, CEC, CS 1000, SD 110, SF 1000 and P 1000) are almost equally affected by bentonite type and activation …
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2.2. Activation of Bentonite by Hydrochloric Acid. The hydrochloric acid (HCl) (98%, d = 1.98 g/cm 3) and other chemicals used are of analytical grade. The purified bentonite was prepared for acid activation: 15 g ± 0.01 g of the purified sample was weighed into a flask and 200 mL of 1.0 M HCl was added.
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The effects of global climate change are becoming more evident and accelerating at an unprecedented pace. For this reason, human activities urgently need a paradigm shift to stop this entropic process before the consequences become irreversible. In this sense, the use of highly eco-efficient materials aimed at conveniently neutralizing …
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DOI: 10.38173/RST.2024.27.1.5:61-70 Title: NEW METHODS OF BENTONITE ACTIVATION AND THEIR EFFICIENCY IN USED MOTOR OILS REGENERATION Authors: Kristi SHAHU Sara DERVISHI Diana GECAJ Arjan KORPA Valdet TENEQJA Adelaida ANDONI Section: Engineering Issue: 1(27)/2024 Received: 11 January 2024 …
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Acid activation was carried out by heating muds prepared from Ca-rich bentonite (CaB), sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4) and distilled water, yielding various bleaching earths (BEs).The roles of each of the process …
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Activation time of bentonite plays an active role in the bleeding reduction. ... This test method permits the evaluation of the swelling properties of a clay mineral. Briefly, after a dried phase, 2 g of bentonite are added to 90 mL of distilled water with step of 0.1 g every 10 min. Once the bentonite adding phase is ended, the water is ...
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1.. IntroductionBentonite often contains > 80% montmorillonite.Bentonite is used in a wide range of applications including drilling mud, bleaching earth, water and solvent based rheological additives, litter, desiccant clay, and animal feed additive (Lagaly, 2006).Due to high viscosity and swelling and low filtration loss, (Na–Ca) …
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