Copper (Cu) is an essential mineral nutrient for the proper growth and development of plants; it is involved in myriad morphological, physiological, and biochemical processes. Copper acts as a cofactor in various enzymes and performs essential roles in photosynthesis, respiration and the electron transport chain, and is a structural …
قرأ أكثر
The raw gold grade of a mine in Shandong is 1.42 g/t, and it is accompanied by copper and sulfur minerals, and the embedding is closely related, so it is difficult to obtain the ideal index using ...
قرأ أكثر
2.1 Materials and reagents. All the reagents used in the experiment, such as sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4), nitric acid (HNO 3), copper sulfate (CuSO 4), sodium thiosulfate (Na 2 S 2 SO 3), and sodium hydroxide (NaOH), were analytically pure, and the water used in the whole experiment was deionized water with the electrical resistivity of 18.5 …
قرأ أكثر
Pulsating high-gradient magnetic separation (PHGMS) of fine hematite from tailings was studied using a pilot PHGMS separator to investigate the possibility of its …
قرأ أكثر
Due to high-grade copper sulphide deposit exhaustion, the focus has now shifted towards recovery from different lean-grade oxide and mixed ore deposits. The …
قرأ أكثر
This paper provides an overview of hydrometallurgical copper extraction studies in which liquid extraction technology has been used with four copper deposits of different compositions. The sulfuric …
قرأ أكثر
As the S 2 O 3 2− concentration continues to increase (0.2 → 0.3 mol/L), the excess S 2 O 3 2− is oxidized into high-valence oxysulfide anions (S 4 O 6 2−, S 3 O 6 2− and SO 4 2−), which then combine with copper ions (Cu + and Cu 2+) in the pregnant solution to form a sulfur-containing passivation film, depositing on the surface of ...
قرأ أكثر
The fact that the amount of iron dissolved is 5.4% (Fig. 2) indicates that approximately 1.1 g of pyrite reacted during the exothermic reaction (the mass corresponding to the dissolution of copper and other metals is negligible due to the high concentration of iron in the ore). Combining the heat absorbed by the solution and the …
قرأ أكثر
This study examines the potential for use of biogenic sulphuric acid for leaching of a low-grade Brazilian ore containing 0.64% copper occurring as brochantite, …
قرأ أكثر
If the ore-forming elements of the Au deposits in the North China ... Fortin M A, Riddle J, Desjardins-Langlais Y, Baker D R. 2015. The effect of water on the sulfur concentration at sulfide saturation (SCSS) in natural melts. Geochim Cosmochim Acta, 160: 100–116 ... Liu X, Xu T, Xiong X. 2020. High sulfur solubility in hydrous felsic …
قرأ أكثر
The ore sample used in the work was low-grade nickel sulfide ore provided by Jinchuan Group, China. The chemical composition of the ore analyzed by XRF (XRF, S8 TIGER II, Germany) was shown in Table 1. It can be seen that the valuable metals contained in the ore are nickel and copper, with the content of 4.63 % and 2.75 %, respectively.
قرأ أكثر
High sulphur content in the calcination fuel has a ... In the case of bentonite, a high concentration of Ca 2+ ions can displace Na + ions in the interlayer space and prevent hydration and swelling ... and 70 ppm molybdenum), the beneficiation of copper from the ore requires rejection of arsenic that occurs in significant levels in the ...
قرأ أكثر
The treatment of copper sulfide minerals containing a high percentage of oxide copper causes problems in the concentration process, decreasing the copper content. In order to increase the efficiency of the concentration process, it is necessary to treat the copper oxide component by leaching the grinded ore prior to the flotation, or by ...
قرأ أكثر
Several investigations were developed evaluating the effects of pretreatment, mainly in the extraction of copper from chalcopyrite in chloride media. This study …
قرأ أكثر
Geochemical studies conducted by XRD and XRF analyses show that chalcopyrite and pyrite were the major sulfide minerals in the feed ore. The copper and sulfur grades of the feed ore were 0.35% Cu and 2.0% S, respectively. Quartz and other silicate minerals were the principal non-sulfide gangue minerals in the feed ore. (2)
قرأ أكثر
The ore sample contained 0.64% Cu (Table 1) as determined by atomic absorption analysis following acid-digestion of a blended sample (Taylor and Reisman, 2000).Copper occurred as brochantite Cu 4 SO 4 (OH) 6 and as malachite Cu 2 CO 3 (OH) 2 as determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Although XRD detected no other copper …
قرأ أكثر
Copper is a metal that is widely used in different applications mainly due to its thermal and electrical conductivities, together with its corrosion resistance, particularly when it is alloyed. This chapter intends to be a summary of the copper metallurgy: from the historical aspects and mineral deposits or statistics to the different technologies used to …
قرأ أكثر
Learn how copper is extracted from sulfide ores by reduction with silicon dioxide and air or oxygen. Explore the redox processes and the role of sulfide ions as …
قرأ أكثر
After a series of mining and dressing processes, copper (23% grade), low-sulfur (grade 35%), and high-sulfur (grade 45%) concentrates were nally obtained. The one tonne raw ore of the mining enterprise could produce 0.03 tonne cop-per concentrate, 0.14 tonne high sulfur concentrate, 0.02 tonne low sulfur concentrate, and 0.845 tonne tailings …
قرأ أكثر
Modern information about the critical parameters of sulfur (temperature T cr = 1040 °C, pressure P cr = 18.2 MPa, density ρ cr = 563 kg·m −3, average number of atoms in a molecule at the critical point N cr = 2.78) is based on (Rau et al., 1973).According to these studies, in the temperature range of 317–1000 °C, the pressure of saturated …
قرأ أكثر
With higher solid phase content in the suspension, there was an insufficient hydrogen peroxide concentration and copper extraction decreased. To achieve high leaching efficiency for copper, a solid/liquid ratio of 1:100 was selected as the most suitable ratio, and changes to other test conditions maintained the solid/liquid ratio at 1:100.
قرأ أكثر
The sulfur fate of copper ore with H 2 S-containing synthesis gas was investigated. • Cu 2 S and FeS were the main sulfide products for copper ore reacted …
قرأ أكثر
A tower-like magnetic system comprising eight permanent magnets was installed at the center of a flotation column to separate chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite minerals. A cyclonic flotation was installed within the underpart of the column to separate the pyrrhotite from the gangues. A three-product magnetic flotation column was …
قرأ أكثر
Section snippets Preparation of oxygen carrier. In this work, a refined copper ore from Zhongtiaoshan (China) was selected as raw OC material. In order to improve the crushing strength and eliminate inherent sulfur of the ore (the original copper oxide ores with a low copper content usually undergo the sulfidation reaction before the …
قرأ أكثر
Sulfide ores are generally processed using pyrometallurgy, the extraction and purification of metals by processes involving the application of heat. This process uses a series of physical steps and high temperatures to extract and purify copper from copper sulfide ores, in four basic steps: …
قرأ أكثر
High Oxygen Demand The presence of copper sulphides in the ore reacting with cyanide requires oxygen similar to gold, according to Elsners equation. If the ore has 7 ppm Au and 460 ppm copper then it is not hard to see the effect on the oxygen demand. Oxygen sparging will assist, however
قرأ أكثر
Copper ore must be extracted using either open-pit or subterranean techniques. ... Concentration of Ores. In the ore-dressing plant, mined material is crushed in multiple stages and finely milled to release copper minerals from waste material, called gangue. ... due to its high sulfur dioxide content, is ideally suited for the manufacturing …
قرأ أكثر
The symbol and name for copper are from the Latin cuprum, which literally means "from the island of Cyprus", an early source of copper ore. Before 1982 U.S. pennies were pure copper. Now they are mostly zinc with a thin shell of copper. Most copper that is mined today is refined and drawn into wire for use in the electrical industries.
قرأ أكثر
Changes in the copper speciation and depressurization can be ruled out as causes for hydrothermal copper ore formation at high fluid densities above the critical density. At this condition, copper ore may precipitate by dilution, ... by increasing the aqueous sulfur concentration or pH, and by decreasing temperature or oxygen fugacity.
قرأ أكثر
In this study, the mining process of one tonne of copper-sulfur raw ore was selected as the functional unit. One tonne raw ore would be approximately transformed into 0.03 tonne of copper concentrate, 0.14 tonne of high-sulfur concentrate, and 0.02 tonne of low-sulfur concentrate through the mining and beneficiation process.
قرأ أكثر
The sulfuric acid consumption rate and copper extraction efficiency, which are dependent on the initial content and forms of calcium compounds and other impurities in ore samples, were calculated, and …
قرأ أكثر
The pyrometallurgical industry plays a vital role in producing metals for our modern life. With growing demand of metals and declining grade of mineable ore, innovations become critical for many mining companies. It is necessary to conduct a review of recent improvements to the pyrometallurgical industry on analytical measurement …
قرأ أكثر
The flotation test results of actual copper sulfide ore showed that pre-magnetized butyl xanthate could increase the copper recovery of copper concentrate by 3.06 percentage points and the sulfur recovery of sulfur concentrate by nearly 3 percentage points, and effectively reduce the mutual content of copper and sulfur …
قرأ أكثر
Fewer data are available for Proterozoic rocks, and the sample set is biased to sulfate associated with sediment-hosted ore deposits. Data for Archean sulfate are sparse and mostly limited to barite samples, with δ 34 S values rarely in excess of 10 per mil (Ohmoto, 1986; Krouse et al., 1990).An extended discussion of the sulfur isotope age curve and …
قرأ أكثر
The leaching behaviors of gold and silver from a complex sulfide concentrate in copper-tartrate-thiosulfate solutions were investigated in this paper. Experimental parameters, including temperature, initial pulp pH, and concentration of copper, tartrate, and thiosulfate, were systematically studied. The copper-tartrate-thiosulfate leaching …
قرأ أكثر